I-Kizhi Travel Guide
Cabanga ngendawo lapho isikhathi sima singanyakazi, lapho umlando nemvelo kuhlangana ukuze kwakhiwe umuzwa oyingqayizivele ngempela. Uyemukelwa e-Kizhi Island, isimangaliso sezakhiwo esisenkabeni yeRussia.
Zitholele ubuhle obukhangayo bamasonto akhona enziwe ngokhuni, hlola amasiko acebile nezinganekwane eziye zadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, futhi ugxile emisebenzini yangaphandle ezokushiya uphelelwa umoya.
Lo mhlahlandlela wokuvakasha uwukhiye wakho wokuvula izimfihlo ze-Kizhi, ngakho-ke lungiselela uhambo ongeke ulukhohlwe.
Ukufika e-Kizhi
Ukuze ufike e-Kizhi, uzodinga ukugibela isikebhe usuka edolobhaneni lasePetrozavodsk. Lolu hambo oluhle olunqamula iLake Onega luyingxenye ebalulekile yokufinyelela e-Kizhi futhi lwengeza ebuhleni bohambo lwakho. Izinketho zokuhamba zilinganiselwe kodwa zisebenza kahle, ziqinisekisa ukuhamba okushelelayo nokujabulisayo.
Uma ufika e-Kizhi, uzothola izindawo zokuhlala ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo ukuze zivumelane nezintandokazi zakho kanye nesabelomali. Kusukela ezindlini zezivakashi ezithokomele ezihlala phakathi kohlaza oluluhlaza kuya kumahhotela anethezekile anokubukwa kwechibi okumangalisayo, kukhona okuthile kwawo wonke umuntu. Gxila ekudleni kwasendaweni ngokuzitika ngokudla kwesintu okufana nesobho elinenhliziyo enhle, ophaya ababhakwe kuhhavini abagcwele amajikijolo amasha, kanye nezidlo zezinhlanzi ezinoshukela ezibanjwa zisuka echibini.
Ngenkathi uhlola i-Kizhi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha izinto eziyisikhumbuzo ezidumile njengomsebenzi wezandla wokhuni noma izindwangu ezinhle ezifekethisiwe. Lezi zinto eziyingqayizivele azenzi izipho ezinhle kuphela kodwa futhi zisebenza njengezikhumbuzo zesikhathi osichithe lapha.
Amasiko endawo namasiko adlala indima ebalulekile ekubumbeni indwangu yamasiko e-Kizhi. Bamba iqhaza emidansweni yesintu noma ufakazele amasiko amadala adluliswa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Ngena kumlando wangemuva wale ndawo ye-UNESCO yamagugu omhlaba ngokuvakashela amasonto ayo enziwe yisakhiwo sokhuni namamnyuziyamu abonisa izinto zobuciko ezixoxa izindaba zamakhulu eminyaka adlule.
Ngokuqondene nesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu, kuhle kakhulu ukuhlela ukuvakasha kwakho phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo lapho amazinga okushisa epholile, kusukela ku-15-25 degrees Celsius (59-77 degrees Fahrenheit). Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlola okunethezekile kokubili emhlabeni naseziqhingini ezingomakhelwane njenge-Bolshoy Klimenetsky Island noma i-Yelena Island - ngayinye ihlinzeka ngezinto zayo ezikhangayo ezihlukile okufanele zitholwe.
Ukuhlola i-Kizhi Island
Uma kukhulunywa ngamagugu ezakhiwo, iKizhi Island iyigugu langempela.
Lesi siqhingi siyikhaya leqoqo elimangalisayo lezakhiwo zokhuni ezinomlando, kuhlanganise neSonto Lokuguquguquka.
Lezi zakhiwo ezilondolozwe kahle zibonisa ukubaluleka kwamasiko okucebile kwe-Kizhi futhi ziyindawo okufanele ivakashelwe yinoma yimuphi umhambi ofuna ukucwiliswa. Umlando othakazelisayo waseRussia.
Amagugu Ezakhiwo ku-Kizhi
Amagugu ezakhiwo e-Kizhi Island angabhekwa futhi anconywe izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Lesi siqhingi esimangalisayo siyikhaya leqoqo elimangalisayo lezakhiwo zomlando, ezibonisa ukulondolozwa okucebile kwezakhiwo zobuciko bendabuko.
Njengoba uzulazula esiqhingini, uzokhangwa izakhiwo zokhuni eziyinkimbinkimbi eziye zamelana novivinyo lwesikhathi. Okugqamile kwalesi Sizinda Samagugu Omhlaba se-UNESCO ngokungangabazeki iSonto Lokuguqulwa isimo, ubuciko obuhle obuhle kakhulu obakhiwe ngaphandle kwezipikili. Izindlu zayo ezingama-22 ziphakama ngendlela ebabazekayo esibhakabhakeni, zikushiya ubambe ongezansi ngobuhlakani bomuntu. Ukunaka imininingwane kukho konke ukuqoshwa nokuhlobisa kuphawuleka ngempela.
Lungiselela ukubuyiselwa ngesikhathi njengoba uhlola lawa amagugu ezakhiwo futhi uthokozela igalelo lawo kumagugu ethu okwabelwana ngawo.
Ukubaluleka Kwamasiko kwe-Kizhi
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko kwesiQhingi sase-Kizhi kungazwakala ngokuqoqwa kwaso okuhlaba umxhwele kwezakhiwo zomlando kanye nezakhiwo zazo zokhuni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba uhlola lesi siqhingi esithakazelisayo, uzobuyiselwa emuva ngesikhathi, uhlangabezana nomlando ocebile namasiko agcinwe izizukulwane ngezizukulwane.
Izindlela zokulondoloza ezisetshenziswa e-Kizhi ziwubufakazi benhlonipho ejulile yamagugu nobungcweti. Imisebenzi yezandla yendabuko efana nokubaza ngokhuni nokubaza isaqhutshwa lapha, okuvumela izivakashi ukuba zizibonele mathupha ikhono nokuzinikela okudingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe le misebenzi yobuciko.
Kusukela eBandleni Lokuguquguquka eliyisakhiwo sodumo elinezindlu zalo ezingamashumi amabili nambili kuya emakhabetheni amadala anezingodo anendawo ezungezile, isakhiwo ngasinye sixoxa indaba. Ukubaluleka kwamasiko kwe-Kizhi akukhona nje ekwakhiweni kwayo kodwa ekhonweni layo lokukhuthaza umuzwa wenkululeko ngokugcina amasiko nokugubha ubuciko.
Izikhangibavakashi Okufanele Uzivakashele e-Kizhi
Umuntu akufanele aphuthelwe yisakhiwo sodumo seSonto Lokuguqulwa Simo lapho ehlola i-Kizhi Island. Le ndawo yamagugu omhlaba ye-UNESCO iyisimangaliso sangempela sezakhiwo, nesakhiwo sayo sokhuni esimangalisayo kanye nezindlu ezingama-22 ezimise okuka-anyanisi. Njengoba ungena ngaphakathi, uzobuyiselwa emuva ngesikhathi, uzungezwe ukhuni oluyinkimbinkimbi kanye nemidwebo emihle eqoshiwe. Isonto liwubufakazi bobuciko babantu baseRussia kanye nezinkolelo zabo eziqinile zenkolo.
Ngenkathi uvakashele esiqhingini sase-Kizhi, qiniseka ukuthi uzama ukudla kwasendaweni. Zitike ngezitsha zendabuko ezifana ne-pelmeni (amadombolo agcwaliswe ngenyama noma imifino), i-borscht (isobho lebhitrudi elinenhliziyo), kanye ne-blini (ama-pancake azacile aphekwa ngokugcotshwa okuhlukahlukene). Ama-flavour anothile futhi ayaduduza, alungele ukugqugquzela uhambo lwakho esiqhingini.
Isikhathi esihle sokuvakashela i-Kizhi Island phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo lapho isimo sezulu sithambile futhi simnandi. Ungahlola imnyuziyamu yangaphandle ngesikhathi sokungcebeleka, uthathe ukubukwa okumangalisayo kweLake Onega elikuzungezile. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola imicimbi nemikhosi ehlukahlukene eyenzeka esiqhingini ngalesi sikhathi, unikeze amazwibela amasiko namasiko endawo.
Izimangaliso ze-Architectural of Kizhi
Izivakashi zibambe ongezansi ngezimangaliso zezakhiwo zase-Kizhi. Lesi siqhingi esihle eChibini i-Onega eRussia saziwa ngeqoqo laso elimangalisayo lezakhiwo zokhuni zendabuko, ezilondolozwe kahle emakhulwini eminyaka. Ukulondolozwa kwezakhiwo ku-Kizhi kukhombisa umlando ocebile namagugu amasiko esifunda.
Njengoba uzulazula ku-Kizhi Open-Air Museum, uzokhangwa ubuciko obuyinkimbinkimbi nomklamo oyingqayizivele walezi zakhiwo zokhuni. Isakhiwo esihle kakhulu esiqhingini ngokungangabazeki i-Transfiguration Church, umsebenzi wobuciko omangalisayo onezitezi ezingu-22 oma uphakeme ngemuva kwesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza kanye namanzi acwebezelayo. Ukwakhiwa kwayo ngaphandle kwesipikili esisodwa kuwubufakazi bobuhlakani nekhono lababazi baseRussia.
Okunye okuvelele yiSonto Lokunxusa, elaziwa nangokuthi 'Isonto Lasehlobo.' Ngesilhouette yayo enhle nemininingwane ethambile, iveza umuzwa wokuzola nokuzola. Ngena ngaphakathi ukuze ubuke izithonjana ezinhle futhi ujabulele isikhashana sokuthula kulesi sikhala esingcwele.
Ngale kwamasonto, i-Kizhi inoxhaxha lwezinye izakhiwo zokhuni zendabuko ezihlanganisa izindlu zesonto, izindlu, izinqolobane, imishini yomoya, ngisho nombhoshongo wensimbi oyi-octagonal. Isakhiwo ngasinye sixoxa indaba yaso, sikubuyisele emuva esikhathini lapho ukuphila kwakugxile kwezolimo nengokomoya.
Ukuhlola i-Kizhi kuzwakala njengokungena ezweni lenganekwane lapho ubuhle buhlangana khona nomlando. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhamba ezindleleni ezinezimbali eziqhakazayo noma ugqolozele lezi zakhiwo zokhuni ezimangalisayo ukude, uzozizwa unenkululeko evela ekuzungezwe izimanga zemvelo nezakhiwo ezingaphelelwa isikhathi.
Izimangaliso zezakhiwo ze-Kizhi azikhangi kuphela ngokubukeka kodwa futhi zisebenza njengezikhumbuzo zokuxhumana kwethu nesikhathi esedlule. Kuyithuba lokwazisa ikhono lesintu lokudala okuthile okuhlala njalo ezintweni eziphansi njengokhuni. Ngakho-ke woza uzozicwilisa kule myuziyamu evulekile ebungaza isiko ngenkathi uvuselela umcabango wakho ngezimangaliso zayo zezakhiwo.
I-Kizhi Pogost: Indawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO
Uma kukhulunywa ngokubaluleka kwezakhiwo ze-Kizhi, uzoshaywa umoya iqoqo layo elimangalisayo lezakhiwo zokhuni.
Kusukela eBandleni Lokuguquguquka eliyisakhiwo sodumo elinezindlu zalo ezingamashumi amabili nambili kuya emininingwaneni eqoshwe ngokuyinkimbinkimbi kuwo wonke amabhilidi, i-Kizhi ibonisa inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yobuciko baseRussia naseScandinavia.
Nokho, ukulondoloza lezi zakhiwo ezintekenteke kunezinselele eziningi. Ukuchayeka ezimeni zesimo sezulu esibi kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kuphakathi kwezinto ezikhathazayo kakhulu.
Ukubaluleka Kwezakhiwo ze-Kizhi
Ukubaluleka kwezakhiwo ze-Kizhi kubonakala ezakhiweni zayo zokhuni ezingokomfanekiso. Nakhu ukuthi kungani idonsa umcabango wabahambi:
- Izindlela Zokwakha Eziyingqayizivele: Izakhiwo zamapulangwe e-Kizhi zibonisa ubuciko bobuciko bababazi baseRussia. Kusukela ekuqoshweni kokhuni okuyinkimbinkimbi kuya kumadome ka-anyanisi, lezi zakhiwo ziwubufakazi bekhono nobuchule bazo.
- Okuqukethwe Komlando: Isakhiwo se-Kizhi sibonisa umlando onothile wesifunda. Lezi zakhiwo zakhiwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko ezaqala emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, zilondoloza amasiko asendaweni.
- Imizamo Yokulondoloza: Naphezu kokuchayeka esimweni sezulu esibi, izakhiwo eziningi zamapulangwe zase-Kizhi ziye zamelana nesikhathi ngenxa yemizamo yokucophelela yokulondolozwa kwemiphakathi yendawo kanye nochwepheshe.
- I-Cultural Symbolism: Isitayela sezakhiwo e-Kizhi simele ukuhlangana kwamathonya ahlukene, izakhi ezihlanganisayo ezivela kumasiko aseRussia, eScandinavia, naseByzantine. Kusebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokushintshisana kwamasiko okwehlukene okwenzeka kuwo wonke umlando.
Ukuvakashela i-Kizhi kukuvumela ukuthi uzicwilise emhlabeni lapho izimangaliso zezakhiwo zixoxa izindaba zesikhathi esedlule kuyilapho zinikeza umuzwa wenkululeko nogqozi kulabo abafuna uhambo nokuvumbulula.
Izinselele Zokulondolozwa Okubhekana Nazo
Naphezu kwesimo sezulu esibi, uzomangala ukwazi ukuthi imiphakathi yendawo kanye nochwepheshe balondoloze ngempumelelo izakhiwo eziningi zokhuni ze-Kizhi.
Izinselelo zokulondoloza azivamile uma kuziwa ekongiweni kwamagugu amasiko. Amazinga okushisa amakhaza adlulele, ukukhithika okukhulu kweqhwa, nomswakama ophezulu wesifunda kubangela izinsongo ezinkulu kulezi zakhiwo zasendulo. Nokho, ngokuhlela ngokucophelela nangemizamo yokuzinikela, lezi zinselele ziye zanqotshwa.
Imiphakathi yendawo isebenza ngokuzikhandla ukuze inakekele lezi zakhiwo ngokufaka njalo izembatho zokuzivikela kanye nokwenza ukulungisa okudingekayo. Ochwepheshe basebenzisa amasu amasha afana nokusebenzisa imithi ekhethekile yamapulangwe nezinto zokufulela ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubude besikhathi salawa amagugu ezakhiwo.
Ngenxa yokubekezela nokuzibophezela kwabo, izivakashi ezinjengawe zingakwazi ukuzwa ubuhle nobuhle bemisebenzi yobuciko yokhuni yase-Kizhi iminyaka eminingi ezayo.
Kuyini Ukufana Nomehluko Phakathi Kweziqhingi zaseSolovetsky neKizhi?
The Solovetsky Iziqhingi neKizhi zombili zibambe ukubaluleka kwezenkolo namasiko eRussia. Zombili ziyi-UNESCO World Heritage Sites, kodwa iziqhingi zaseSolovetsky zaziwa ngendawo yazo yezindela ezinomlando, kuyilapho iKizhi idume ngezakhiwo zayo zokhuni. Zombili lezi zindawo ziyaheha izivakashi ezifuna ukubona amazwibela omlando ocebile waseRussia.
Amasiko Endabuko Nezinganekwane ngesi-Kizhi
Gxila esikweni elicebile lendabuko kanye nenganekwane yama-Kizhi. Lesi siqhingi esihle eRussia saziwa ngamasiko aso anempilo nezinganekwane zasendaweni ezihehayo. Nazi izici ezine ezihehayo zesiko lendabuko le-Kizhi ongeke ufune ukuzigeja:
- Amasiko Esintu: Izwa amasiko ahlonishwe isikhathi adluliselwe ezizukulwaneni ngesi-Kizhi. Kusukela kumafestivali anemibala ekhombisa imidanso nomculo wendabuko, kuya kumasiko ansuku zonke afana nokubhaka isinkwa nokufekethiswa, uzobona umphakathi ogxile kakhulu efa lawo.
- Izinganekwane Zasendaweni: Zitholele izinganekwane ezikhangayo ezilukwe kundwangu yomlando wama-Kizhi. Izwa izindaba mayelana nezidalwa zasenganekwaneni ezifana nemimoya yasemanzini nezinyosi zasehlathini okuthiwa zihlala emachibini nasemahlathini esiqhingi. Lezi zinganekwane zengeza umoya wemfihlakalo nomlingo esimweni esivele siheha.
- Ubuciko: Mangaza ubuciko obumangalisayo obuboniswa ekwakhiweni kokhuni kwe-Kizhi. Okugqamile akungabazeki ukuthi iSonto Lokuguqulwa Kokuguquguquka, indawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba le-UNESCO edume ngemininingwane yayo yokhuni eyinkimbinkimbi nezindlela zokwakha ezihlaba umxhwele ezisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwezipikili noma izikulufo.
- I-Cuisine Yesiko: Jabulisa ukunambitheka kwakho ngezitsha zangempela zaseRussia ezilungiselelwe kusetshenziswa izindlela zokupheka zakudala. Zitike ngamasobho anenhliziyo enhle, amadombolo amnandi, imifino efakwe emanzini anosawoti, namakhekhe amnandi kuyilapho ujabulele ukungenisa izihambi okufudumele okuvela kubantu bendawo abazigqajayo ngokwabelana ngamasiko abo okupheka.
Gxila kula masiko endabuko, ulalele izinganekwane zendawo ezidluliselwe ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, ujabulele ubuciko bobuciko, futhi jabulela ukudla okumnandi kwe-Kizhi - sonke ngenkathi samukela inkululeko yokuhlola le tapestry yamasiko eyingqayizivele e-Kizhi Island.
Imisebenzi yangaphandle e-Kizhi
Lungela ukuqalisa uhambo olujabulisayo lokuhlola inhlobonhlobo yemisebenzi yangaphandle etholakala e-Kizhi. Kule ndawo ekhangayo, abathandi bemvelo kanye nabafuna i-adventure bazozithola bezungezwe izindawo ezinhle kanye namathuba angapheli okuhlola kwangaphandle.
Okunye okudume kakhulu ukuzidela kwangaphandle e-Kizhi ukuhamba izintaba. Bopha amabhuzu akho bese ushaya ezindleleni ezidlula emahlathini aminyene, udlule amachibi acwebezelayo, futhi ufinyelele emibonweni ebukekayo. Njengoba uhamba, zicwilise ebuhleni bemvelo njengoba uphefumula umoya omusha onephunga elimnandi lezihlahla zikaphayini futhi ulalele imisindo yezinyoni ezitshiyozayo phezulu.
Kulabo abafuna ukugijima kwe-adrenaline, i-kayaking noma ukuhamba ngesikebhe komunye wemizila eminingi yamanzi yase-Kizhi kuwumsebenzi okufanele wenziwe. Slayida emanzini acwebile ngenkathi uthatha ukubukwa okumangalisayo kwezindawo zasemaphandleni ezizungezile. Gxila ngejubane lakho, uzizwe ukhululekile njengoba uzulazula emanzini azolile noma ulwa nama-rapids athambile.
Uma ukhetha ukuhlala emhlabeni kodwa usafuna ukuzizwisa okujabulisayo, cabanga ukuqasha ibhayisikili nokuhlola indawo yasemaphandleni yase-Kizhi ngamasondo amabili. Hamba emizaneni ewubukhazikhazi, udlula ezindlini zamapulangwe ezihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezimibalabala. Izwa umoya ngokumelene nobuso bakho njengoba ujikeleza emigwaqweni ethule yasemaphandleni, ubuka ama-panoramic vistas aqala phambi kwakho.
Noma ngabe ukhetha luphi uhambo lwangaphandle e-Kizhi, lungiselela ukukhangwa ubuhle bayo bemvelo kanye nezindawo ezimangalisayo. Kusukela ekuqwaleni emahlathini aluhlaza kuya ekugwedleni unqamula amachibi azolile, le ndawo inikezela ngamathuba angapheli okuhlola imvelo kanye nolwazi olungasoze lwalibaleka.
Amathiphu Okuzizwisa Okukhumbulekayo kwe-Kizhi
Uma uhlela uhambo lwakho oluya e-Kizhi, ungakhohlwa ukuhlola isibikezelo sezulu ukuze uthole isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokusivakashela futhi upakishe ngokufanele. Isiqhingi saseKizhi saziwa ngamasiko aso anothile kanye nolwazi lwamasiko oluyingqayizivele. Nawa amanye amathiphu okuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ukhumbuleka kulesi siqhingi esihle:
- Hlola Amasiko Esiqhingi sase-Kizhi: Gxila kumasiko namasiko endawo ngokuvakashela i-Kizhi Pogost, isiza samagugu omhlaba se-UNESCO. Isimanga ngesakhiwo esimangalisayo sokhuni se-Transfiguration Church and Intercession Church, esahlehlela emuva ekhulwini le-18. Funda ngamasu obuciko asendulo asetshenziswa ekwakheni lezi zakhiwo ezimangalisayo.
- Zithokozise Kokuzizwisa Kwendawo Yokudla Kwasendaweni: Isampula ukunambitheka kokupheka kwendabuko kwe-Karelian ngesikhathi uvakashele e-Kizhi. Zama ukudla okunenhliziyo enhle okufana nekalitki (ama-pancake agcwalisiwe), ama-karelian pasties (karjalanpiirakka), noma amasobho ezinhlanzi anoshukela enziwe ngokubanjiswa okusha okuvela eLake Onega. Ungakhohlwa ukubhanqa ukudla kwakho nengilazi ye-Medovukha, isiphuzo esidakayo esisekelwe kuju esidumile esidumile endaweni.
- Yiya emikhosini nemicimbi: Hlela ukuvakasha kwakho endaweni eyodwa yamafestivali noma imicimbi ye-Kizhi ukuze uzicwilise ngokugcwele kusiko lendawo. Izwa amakhonsathi omculo wesintu, imidanso yesintu, nemibukiso yezandla ekhombisa amasiko amadala adlule ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
- Xhumana Nabantu Bendawo: Xhumana nabantu bendawo abanobungane abamagange ukwabelana ngolwazi lwabo kanye nezindaba ezimayelana nempilo yase-Kizhi Island. Bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni lapho ungafunda khona imisebenzi yezandla yendabuko efana nokubaza ngokhuni noma ukufekethisa, okukuvumela ukuthi udale izinkumbulo ezihlala njalo ngenkathi uzibonela mathupha ifa elicebile lesiqhingi.
Kungani kufanele uvakashele Kizhi
Ngakho-ke usunakho, mhambi! Uhambo lwakho oluya e-Kizhi Island selufike esiphethweni. Kodwa ungesabi, ngoba izinkumbulo ozenze lapha zizohlala ukuphila kwakho konke.
Kusukela ekuhloleni izimangaliso zezakhiwo ze-Kizhi kuya ekuzicwiliseni ngesiko lendabuko kanye nendabuko, lesi siqhingi sikuhlabe umxhwele ngempela.
Futhi masingakhohlwa imisebenzi yangaphandle edonse i-adrenaline yakho!
Ngakho-ke qoqa lezo zikhwama, valelisa kule ndawo enomlingo, futhi ungakhohlwa ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho lwe-Kizhi ongalukhohlwa nabo bonke abangani bakho ekhaya.
Uhambo olujabulisayo!
